Last Updated: 1 August 2023

[CUS 2] Interpretation2 

2
(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
aerodrome

means an area of land or water designed, equipped, set apart or commonly used for affording facilities for the landing and departure of aircraft;

agent

in relation to the master or owner of an aircraft or ship, includes any person who notifies the Comptroller in writing that he or she is entitled to act as the agent and who or on whose behalf any person authorised by him or her, signs any document required or permitted by the customs laws to be signed by an agent, provided that—

  • (a)such person is licensed under section 148; or
  • (b)the owner of an aircraft or ship—
    • (i)if resident or represented in Fiji but no other agent is appointed, is deemed to be the licensed agent of the master of the aircraft or ship, for all purposes of the customs laws;
    • (ii)if not resident or represented in Fiji, the master of the aircraft or ship is deemed to be the licensed agent of the aircraft or ship;

[def am Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

aircraft

includes balloons, gliders, airships, hovercraft, helicopters, flying machines and any other means of aerial locomotion;

airport

means an airport appointed by the Minister under section 4 as an airport for the purpose of the customs laws;

alternative dispute resolution

means a set of mechanisms that may be used to resolve or settle a dispute without litigation, and includes arbitration or mediation;

[def insrt Act 7 of 2023 s 2, effective 1 August 2023]

approved form

means a form approved by the Comptroller;

[def insrt Act 31 of 2022 s 2, effective 1 August 2022]

approved place of loading

and approved place of unloading means a quay, jetty, wharf, part of an airport or other place, appointed by the Comptroller to be a place where goods may be loaded or unloaded;

assembly process

means the putting together of 2 or more constituent materials by manual labor or machinery especially on a large scale as an industry;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

authorised economic operator

means a person approved as an authorised economic operator by the Comptroller in accordance with section 92B;

[def insrt Act 20 of 2018 s 2, effective 1 August 2018; am Act 13 of 2021 s 2, effective 17 July 2021]

authorised officer

, for the purpose of downtown duty free shops, means an officer identified by the licensee of a downtown duty free shop and approved by the Comptroller to remove goods from a customs area;

[def insrt Act 30 of 2016 s 2, effective 23 June 2016]

blending

means merging together of 2 or more fluids or materials or gases in the manufacture process;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

boarding station

means a place appointed by the Comptroller to be a place for aircraft or ships arriving at or departing from any port or place to bring to for boarding by or the disembarkation of, officers;

bonded

means subject to customs control under customs laws;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

bonded area

means an area subject to customs control under customs laws;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

bonded consol freight station

means a place licensed under customs laws in which shipping containers of goods imported or exported may be stored, unpacked, packed or sorted, pending payment of duty, exportation or re-exportation;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

bonded customs area

means an area that is subject to customs control under customs laws regarding movement of persons, goods or activity where goods may be lodged, stored or secured;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

bonded warehouse

means a building or storage tank licensed by the Comptroller, in which goods entered to be warehoused maybe lodged, kept or secured pending payment of duty or exportation; and includes a customs warehouse and an export warehouse;

[def subst Act 23 of 1996 s 3, effective 25 October 1996]

break bulk

with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means subdividing the original magnitude in 3 dimensions of any commodity into smaller measurable units without changing the description classification on the Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

cargo

includes all goods imported or exported in any aircraft or ship other than such goods as are required as stores for consumption or use by or for that aircraft or ship, its crew and passengers; and also includes the bona fide personal accompanied baggage of such passengers;

cargo reporter

in relation to a ship or aircraft and in relation to a particular voyage or flight means—

  • (a)the operator of the ship or the aircraft;
  • (b)a shipping agent in respect of the ship; or
  • (c)a freight forwarder in respect of the ship or aircraft, for the voyage or flight;

[def insrt Act 7 of 2023 s 2, effective 1 August 2023]

cleared

in relation to goods, means removed, after release by the proper officer, in pursuance of the purpose for which the goods were entered;

coastwise

means the trade by air, land or sea from one port to another port in Fiji;

Comptroller

means the Comptroller of customs and excise or any officer or other person authorised in writing by the Comptroller to act on his or her behalf;

container

includes a bundle, package, box, cask or other receptacle of whatsoever kind;

conversion process

means the transformation involved in the act of changing the character, form or function of any tangible commodity or service;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

crew

includes every person (except the master) employed or engaged in any capacity on board an aircraft or ship;

Customs

[def rep Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016]

customs agent

means a customs agent licensed under section 144(1), but does not include an agent licensed under section 148;

[def subst Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

customs approved secure package

means any package whether or not stored in a customs area and whether or not for import, export or trans-shipment, that has been identified by the customs with appropriate markings for export or trans-shipment but has not yet been exported or transhipped;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

customs area

means a place appointed by the Comptroller under section 4 for the deposit of goods subject to customs control and includes a bonded consol freight station, a bonded export freight station or any bonded customs area;

[def am Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 10 July 2007]

Customs dog

means a dog that is being used or intended to be used by the Fiji Revenue and Customs Service;

[def insrt Act 23 of 2015 s 2, effective 6 November 2015; am Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016; Act 38 of 2017 s 7, effective 1 August 2017]

customs enclosed area

means an area appointed by the Comptroller and marked with demarcation boundaries and notices for the purposes of customs laws under section 4(2);

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

customs laws

includes this Act, the Tax Free Zones Act 1991, any other Act to be read together or as one with this Act and any other Act or subsidiary legislation relating to customs;

[def am Act 23 of 1997 s 3, effective 24 December 1997; Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016; Act 31 of 2022 s 2, effective 1 August 2022]

customs revenue

means any amount collectible by the Fiji Revenue and Customs Service in accordance with the provisions of the customs laws;

[def am Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016; Act 38 of 2017 s 7, effective 1 August 2017]

customs warehouse

means a place appointed by the Comptroller for the deposit of uncleared goods or other goods, pending the payment of the import duty payable thereon;

days

does not include Saturdays, Sundays or public holidays;

[def am Act 28 of 1996 s 3, effective 27 December 1996]

declarant reference number

means a declaration number allocated to any entry at the time of registration when electronically lodged by the agent or the owner;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

dispute

[def rep Act 23 of 2015 s 2, effective 6 November 2015]

downtown duty free shop

means a place licensed as a downtown duty free shop by the Comptroller under section 63K;

[def insrt Act 30 of 2016 s 2, effective 23 June 2016]

drawback

means a refund of all or part of any import duty paid in respect of goods exported or used in a manner or for a purpose prescribed as a condition for granting drawback;

dutiable goods

includes all goods in respect of which any duty is payable;

duty

means any duty or any other amount payable or leviable under any customs law; Dumping and Countervailing Duties Act 1998 and includes the Environment Climate Adaptation Levy charged under Division 2 of Part 3 of the Environment and Climate Adaptation Levy Act 2015 and Value Added Tax leviable under section 14 of the Value Added Tax Act 1991;

[def am Decree 33 of 1992 s 2 effective 1 July 1992; Act 23 of 1998 s 20, effective 24 July 1998; Act 13 of 2021 s 2, effective 17 July 2021; Act 7 of 2023 s 2, effective 1 August 2023]

duty suspension scheme

[def rep Act 23 of 2015 s 2, effective 6 November 2015]

enclosure

means a piece of land or a building, surrounded by fences over secured metal mesh grill framework and may include a secured roof, to the satisfaction of the Comptroller;

[def am Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

entry

means a prescribed form of declaration (with or without additional documents as required under this Act) and with the automatically generated unique registration number of such form and registered by means of an electronic message transmitted to the custom computer system but the duty has not yet been paid and receipted;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

export

means to take or cause to be taken out of Fiji;

export freight station

means bonded premises approved and licensed by the Comptroller under section 4(5) for export freight handling;

[def am Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

export warehouse

means a place appointed by the Comptroller for the deposit, keeping and securing of imported and Fiji manufactured goods for sale to a relevant traveller leaving Fiji from an approved airport or seaport. Export warehouses may be called duty free shops;

[def insrt Act 23 of 1996 s 3, effective 25 October 1996]

exporter

includes an owner or an owner’s agent or any other person for the time being possessed of or beneficially interested in any goods at the time of their exportation;

[def insrt Act 57 of 1998 s 3, effective 20 September 1999]

Exporters Club

[def rep Act 23 of 2015 s 2, effective 6 November 2015]

Fiji

includes the internal waters of Fiji, the Archipelagic waters of Fiji and the territorial seas of Fiji, as defined in the Marine Spaces Act 1977;

foreign parcels

means parcels either posted in Fiji and sent to a place outside Fiji or posted in a place outside Fiji and sent to a place in Fiji or in transit through Fiji to a place outside Fiji;

foreign port

means a place in a country other than Fiji to which aircraft or ships as the case may be, may have access;

freight forwarder

means a business engaged in forwarding cargo, licensed under section 148A;

[def insrt Act 13 of 2021 s 2, effective 17 July 2021]

gold card tax payer

means a person approved as a gold card tax payer by Fiji Revenue and Customs Service;

[def insrt Act 13 of 2021 s 2, effective 17 July 2021]

goods

includes all kinds of articles, wares, merchandise, living creatures and movable property of any kind whatsoever;

goods under drawback

means any goods in relation to which a claim for drawback has been or is to be made;

identifier

means the identifier allocated to a registered user by the Comptroller under section 36C;

[def insrt Act 57 of 1998 s 3, effective 20 September 1999]

import

with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means to bring or cause to be brought within Fiji;

importer

includes an owner or his or her agent or any other person for the time being possessed of or beneficially interested in, any goods at the time of the importation thereof;

licensee

means a licensee of a bonded warehouse or an export warehouse;

[def insrt Act 57 of 1998 s 3, effective 20 September 1999]

lodgement number

means any number allocated in sequential order either manually or by means of a numbering device by the proper officer under section 4 to any custom document;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

manufacture

means the making of goods of wares by manual labour or machinery especially on large scale;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

manufacturer

with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means the owner of goods or entity directly involved in making of goods or wares;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

master

in relation to an aircraft or ship, means the person in charge or in command of that aircraft or ship, but does not include a person appointed for conduct of ships into or out of a port;

materials

means ingredients or components for using in the manufacture;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

member of crew

means:

  • (a)in relation to an aircraft, the pilot, crew and attendants of the aircraft; and
  • (b)in relation to a ship, the master, mate, engineer or any other members of the crew of the ship;

    [def insrt Act 23 of 1996 s 3, effective 25 October 1996]

Minister

means the Minister responsible for finance;

[def insrt Act 28 of 1996 s 3, effective 27 December 1996]

mixing

means merging together of 2 or more non-fluid materials in the manufacture process;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

name

includes the registration mark of an aircraft or ship;

[def am Act 28 of 1996 s 3, effective 27 December 1996]

officer

includes a person duly appointed and employed or a person or class of persons authorised by the Comptroller, to carry out or assist to carry out any of the provisions of the customs laws;

owner

in respect of goods, includes a person being or holding himself or herself out to be the owner, importer, exporter, consignee or person possessed of or beneficially interested in or having control of or power of disposition over, the goods;

owner

in respect of an aircraft or ship, includes the master or other responsible officer of that aircraft or ship and also any person acting as an agent for the owner and any charterer, operator or hirer;

package

includes every means by which goods for carriage may be cased, covered, carried, enclosed, contained or packed;

parcel

means a postal parcel or postal packet which is posted in Fiji and accepted by the Post Office as a packet or a parcel in accordance with the Posts and Telecommunications Act 1989 or which is received in Fiji from abroad by parcel post;

[def am Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016]

person

means both natural and legal persons, unless the context otherwise requires;

[def insrt Act 7 of 2023 s 2, effective 1 August 2023]

port

means a place, whether on the coast or elsewhere, appointed by the Minister under section 4 as a port for the purposes of the customs laws;

post office

refers to a post office as defined in section 78 of the Posts and Telecommunications Act 1989;

[def insrt Act 7 of 2023 s 2, effective 1 August 2023]

process

means substantial transformation;

[def insrt Act 8 of 2014 s 2, effective 21 November 2014]

produce

means any tangible commodity extracted, cultivated or harvested from the land, underground, from the seas of Fiji, including from under the sea, from the seabed and beneath the seabed;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

producer

with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions means the owner of goods who yields or causes to yield a tangible commodity;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

prohibited goods

and restricted goods mean respectively goods the importation or exportation of which is prohibited or restricted by or under the provisions of this or any other Act;

proper officer

means the officer authorised by the Comptroller to carry out any provision of the customs laws;

relevant traveller

means a person who intends to make an international flight or voyage whether, as a passenger on or as the pilot or a member of the crew of, an aircraft or ship;

[def insrt Act 23 of 1996 s 3, effective 25 October 1996]

secure exports scheme

means a customs approved secure exports partnership scheme between the exporter and the Fiji Revenue and Customs Service under section 66B, where cargo may be accumulated for onward carriage, handling, transportation or exportation to places beyond Fiji;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007; am Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016; Act 38 of 2017 s 7, effective 1 August 2017]

Service

means the Fiji Revenue and Customs Service established under section 3 of the Fiji Revenue and Customs Service Act 1998;

[def insrt Act 20 of 2018 s 2, effective 1 August 2018]

ship

includes a ship, hovercraft, vessel or boat of any kind whatsoever, whether propelled by engine or otherwise or towed;

smuggle

means to import, introduce, export or to attempt to import, introduce or export goods with intent to defraud the customs revenue;

storage place

includes a customs area for the storage of goods before being finally released from customs control;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

Substantial transformation

means imported inputs of 2 or more items, each coded of 4 digits on the Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System, which upon manufacturing or processing will result in a finished product that is substantially different from the original by virtue of a change to the classification of goods in its first 4 digits of the Fiji Standard Tariff based on the Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System;

[def insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 2, effective 1 January 2010]

sufferance wharf

means a place, other than an approved place of loading or unloading, at which the Comptroller may, subject to such conditions as he or she may either generally or in any particular case impose, allow any goods to be loaded or unloaded;

system

means a Fiji Revenue and Customs Service automated cargo reporting or entry processing system;

[def insrt Act 57 of 1998 s 3, effective 20 September 1999; am Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016; Act 38 of 2017 s 7, effective 1 August 2017]

time of exportation

means the time at which goods are placed on board an aircraft or ship for the purpose of exportation;

time of importation

means the time at which an aircraft or ship importing goods actually lands in Fiji or enters a port, as the case may be;

tons register

means the net tonnage of any ship as set forth in the certificate of registry of such ship;

tranship

means to transfer, either directly or indirectly, any goods from an aircraft or ship arriving at a port in Fiji from outside Fiji to an aircraft or ship departing from Fiji;

transit

includes in respect of an aircraft or ship, the interim passage in Fiji of such aircraft or ship arriving from a place outside Fiji and proceeding thereafter to another place outside of Fiji and where the duration of time in Fiji does not exceed 4 consecutive days, excluding the vessel which is used as the principal asset in a Superyacht Charter arrangement from the above definition of “transit” throughout its duration of Superyacht Charter in Fiji and such vessel must then immediately depart for definite foreign destination upon completion or termination or premature termination of the Charter in Fiji;

[def subst Decree 19 of 2010 s 25, effective 6 April 2010]

transit

in respect of goods, means all manifested goods on board an aircraft or ship (other than the aircraft’s or ship’s stores and manifested cargo for landing in Fiji) arriving at any airport or seaport in Fiji from outside Fiji but without finally landing in Fiji; and finally being exported from Fiji on the same aircraft or ship;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

transit

in respect of persons refers to all manifested persons on board an aircraft or ship (other than the aircraft’s or ship’s crew and manifested disembarking passengers) arriving at an airport or seaport in Fiji from outside Fiji but without finally disembarking in Fiji and finally departing from Fiji on the same aircraft or ship;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

transit shed

means a building appointed by the Comptroller under section 4 for the deposit of goods subject to customs control;

uncustomed goods

includes dutiable goods on which the full duties have not been paid and any goods, whether dutiable or not, which are imported or exported or in any way dealt with contrary to the provisions of the customs laws;

vehicle

includes every description of conveyance for the transport by land of human beings or goods;

warrant

for the purposes of customs laws shall be the paid entry declaration unique number automatically generated by the system on the forms prescribed and registered by means of an electronic message transmitted to the Fiji Revenue and Customs Service computer system after payment; and

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007; am Act 31 of 2016 s 51, effective 1 December 2016; Act 38 of 2017 s 7, effective 1 August 2017]

wharf

includes a quay, pier, jetty, landing place or similar place at or from which passenger or goods may be taken on board or landed from a vessel;

[def insrt Promulgation 14 of 2007 s 2, effective 1 July 2007]

(2) In the construction of this Act, when any thing or act has been or is required to be done within a specific number of hours, in reckoning such hours Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays shall be excluded and the expression “24 hours” or “48 hours” means respectively 24 or 48 consecutive hours of the day.

[subs (2) am Act 28 of 1996 s 3, effective 27 December 1996]

(3) For the purpose of the Act, any references wherever it appears the term “he” or “his” shall be deemed to include “she” or “her” and shall be used interchangeably.

[subs (3) insrt Decree 9 of 2010 s 3, effective 1 January 2010]